منابع مشابه
Inferring Causal Complexity
In The Comparative Method, Ragin (1987) outlined a procedure of Boolean causal reasoning operating on pure coincidence data that has since become widely known asQCA (Qualitative Comparative Analysis) among social scientists. QCA—also in its recent forms as presented in Ragin (2000, 2008)— is designed to analyze causal structures featuring no more than one effect and a possibly complex configura...
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We used a new method to assess how people can infer unobserved causal structure from patterns of observed events. Participants were taught to draw causal graphs, and then shown a pattern of associations and interventions on a novel causal system. Given minimal training and no feedback, participants in Experiment 1 used causal graph notation to spontaneously draw structures containing one observ...
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We consider two variables that are related to each other by an invertible function. While it has previously been shown that the dependence structure of the noise can provide hints to determine which of the two variables is the cause, we presently show that even in the deterministic (noise-free) case, there are asymmetries that can be exploited for causal inference. Our method is based on the id...
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The shape of on object often seems to tell us something about the object’s history; that is, the processes of growth, pushing, stretching, resistance, indentation, ond so on, that formed the object. A theory is offered here of how people are able to infer the causal history of natural objects such as clouds, tumors, embryos, leoves, geological formations, and the like. Two inference problems ar...
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Information about the structure of a causal system can come in the form of observational data— random samples of the system’s autonomous behavior—or interventional data—samples conditioned on the particular values of one or more variables that have been experimentally manipulated. Here we study people’s ability to infer causal structure from both observation and intervention, and to choose info...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Sociological Methods & Research
سال: 2009
ISSN: 0049-1241,1552-8294
DOI: 10.1177/0049124109339369